The Pit Viper is actually just another name for the common rattlesnake, which has highly sensitive pits located between its eyes and nostrils.
These pick up even minute changes in temperature, so that the snake’s ability to locate prey is very good.
Viper is just a shortened version of Viperidae, the scientific name for the family of poisonous snakes that includes both the rattler and the European adder.
You don’t want to be bitten by either.