During an El Nino year in the continental United States, winter temperatures are generally warmer than normal in the North and cooler than normal in the South.
During the winter of a La Nina year, the southeastern states generally have warmer winter weather than normal, while the northwestern states are cooler than normal.
El Nino and La Nina cause extreme weather such as floods and droughts in many regions of the world.
The countries that are the most affected border the Pacific Ocean and are dependent upon agriculture and fishing.
