The sun loses about 4 million tonnes per second, which is the mass equivalent of the energy it produces through thermonuclear reactions.
Another few million tonnes are lost in solar wind and other particle emissions.
However, even after 2 billion years, this loss constitutes only one 10-thousandth of the sun’s mass. So the change in the Earth’s distance from the sun will be of the same fractional order.
The situation will be more drastic when the sun eventually becomes a red giant, 6 billion years or so from now.
Then, the solar radius will be 100 times its present value. Some of the latest estimates suggest that in its giant stage the sun may well engulf Mercury, Venus and Earth, while planets more distant than Mars will survive and continue to orbit the sun when it later becomes a white dwarf.
If we assume the final mass of the sun at the white-dwarf stage to be 0.6 of its present value, the dimensions of the planetary orbits in the very far future will be about 80 per cent greater than they are now.
Amazingly, although the sun converts 4 million tonnes of its mass into pure energy every second and will continue to burn hydrogen until it becomes a red giant several billion years from now, it will even then have lost only a tiny proportion of its present mass.
In order for the Earth to conserve its angular momentum, the radius of its orbit will have to increase at the rate of only about 1 centimetre a year.
However, this will not be sufficient to compensate for the steadily increasing luminosity of the sun.
So Earth is destined to follow in the footsteps of its celestial companion, Venus, and undergo a natural runaway greenhouse effect, unless human activity contrives to accomplish it rather sooner.
The planets are slowly spiraling out of orbit due to the Sun’s loss of gravitational pull. The speed of a planet, for example, Earth moving at 18.5 miles per second, never changes. Therefore, as the Sun’s gravity reduces, the planets slowly get farther away, and the farther they are away they are in even LESS gravitational pull (weaker gravity farther away), causing them to move even FARTHER away (exponential change) into weaker-still gravitational pull, which causes them, at some point, to leave the Solar System. An orbit requires a perfect “balancing act” between speed of the planet and gravitational pull (determined by strength of gravitational source and it’s distance from object orbiting) and when those two factors are out of balance the orbiting planet either spirals into the gravitational source, or spirals permanently away from the gravitational source. Therefore, planet Earth could only be in orbit around the Sun for no more than the last 30,000 years, and for the next 30,000 years, give or take us not being in the middle of the 60,000 year period, which disproves evolution of life over millions of years.